تارﺎﻴﺧ
ﺮﺘﺧاو .ﺎﻬﻟﺎﺳرﻹ لﺎﺼﺗﻻا حﺎﺘﻔﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻂﻐﺿا وأ
א א
.ﺔﻳرﻮﻔﻟا ﻞﺋﺎﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻣﺪﺨﺑ ﻞﺼﺗاو ،
ﺔﻳرﻮﻔﻟا ﻞﺋﺎﺳﺮﻟا
ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ ﺢﺘﻓا .١
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٤٦
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ﺮﺘﺧا ،ﺎﻤﻬﻠﻳﺪﻌﺗو ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟا ﻢﺳا وأ كﺪﺟاﻮﺗ تﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ضﺮﻌﻟ .٢
ﻊﺿو ﻲﻓ ﻚﺘﻳؤﺮﺑ ﻦﻳﺮﺧﻵا ﺔﻳرﻮﻔﻟا ﻞﺋﺎﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻣﺪﺧ ﻲﻣﺪﺨﺘﺴﻣ ﺔﻓﺎﻜﻟ حﺎﻤﺴﻠﻟ .٣
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ﻞﻜﻠﻟ ﺪﺟاﻮﺘﻣ
<
ﺪﺟاﻮﺘﻟا ﺮﺘﺧا
،"ﻞﺼﺘﻣ"
ﻚﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﳋا ﺔﻳرﻮﻔﻟا ﻞﺋﺎﺳﺮﻟا ءﺎﻤﺳأ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﺑ ﻂﻘﻓ ةدﻮﺟﻮﳌا ءﺎﻤﺳﻸﻟ حﺎﻤﺴﻠﻟ
.
ءﺎﻤﺳﻸﻟ ﺪﺟاﻮﺘﻣ
<
ﺪﺟاﻮﺘﻟا
ﺮﺘﺧا ،"ﻞﺼﺘﻣ" ﻊﺿو ﻲﻓ ﻚﺘﻳؤﺮﺑ
.
ﺔﻜﺒﺸﻟﺎﺑ ﻞﺼﺘﻣ ﺮﻴﻏ
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ﺪﺟاﻮﺘﻟا
ﺮﺘﺧا ،"ﻞﺼﺘﻣ ﺮﻴﻏ" ﻊﺿو ﻲﻓ وﺪﺒﺘﻟ
ﻰﻟإ ﺮﻴﺸﻳو ،ﻞﺼﺘﻣ ﻚﻧأ ﻰﻟإ ﺮﻴﺸﻳ ،ﺔﻳرﻮﻔﻟا ﻞﺋﺎﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻣﺪﺨﺑ ﻚﻟﺎﺼﺗا ﺪﻨﻋ
.ﻦﻳﺮﺧﻶﻟ ﻲﺋﺮﻣ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻚﻧأ
א
א
،ﺔﻳرﻮﻔﻟا ﻞﺋﺎﺳﺮﻟا ﺔﻣﺪﺨﺑ ﻞﺼﺗا ،ﺔﻳرﻮﻔﻟا ﻞﺋﺎﺳﺮﻟا ءﺎﻤﺳأ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ ﻰﻟإ ءﺎﻤﺳأ ﺔﻓﺎﺿﻹ
وأ ،
ﺺﺨﺷ ﺔﻓﺎﺿإ
<
تارﺎﻴﺧ
ﺮﺘﺧا ،ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟا ﻰﻟإ ﻢﺳا ﺔﻓﺎﺿﻹو
.
IM
ءﺎﻤﺳأ
ﺮﺘﺧاو
وأ
ﺎًﻳوﺪﻳ ﺔﻳﻮﻬﻟا لﺎﺧدإ
ﺮﺘﺧا ﻢﺛ .
ﺔﻓﺎﺿإ
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